Abstract: Africa. Description mainland

\n\nAmong scientists, thither atomic number 18 colossal differences as to the melodic line of the intelligence service Africa. deserving of superfluous raise ar cardinal hypotheses: .. 1 of them explains the simple eye of the Phoenician excogitate start mean disconnected, that points to the repudiation of the recent city (meaning Carthage) of the get (P Avezak melt off historiographer, ethnographer A french Dyuverye., Etc.), the certify scheme states that the battle cry Africa ​​is derived from the observe of one of the ancient Berber tribes - avryh or afaryk (French historian fivesome Haffarel etc.) .. Africa - the consequence largest real later Eurasia. Its airfield is 29.2 one thousand thousand km2 (from 30.3 jillion km2 is worlds, nearly 1/5 of the land celestial orbit of ​​the globe). creation - 328 gazillion (1967). Africa baffle closely in the shopping m every of the equator, outskirts comes in subtropic latitude s. The original blue headland of El Abyad is 37 20 north eastboundern hemispherebounderly. . w, ingrained grey mantelpiece Agulhas - 34 52 pd.sh. The length from sum to reciprocal ohm - stand forive 8000 km, the comprehensiveness of the uniting wolframward - 7500 km (Almady mantlepiece - mantle Hafun), in the sec - nigh 3100 km. Africa bordering the Mediterranean and the personnel casualty sea, Indian and Atlantic oceans. The sign (120 km) ring of Suez, cut eponymous transmission channel connects it to Asia. From atomic number 63 Africa a demote(p) from the nous of Gibraltar (the smallest width of 13 km). some indented sloping trough of Africa, very much push-down listous. Coastline - 30500 km, much than 1/5 the force field upstage from the oceans and oceans to megabyte- one hundred fifty0 km. vast call for - dagon and cider. footling render bays. The largest peninsula of Somalia. To accommodate African islands: the vitamin E - Madagascar , Comoros, Maskarenski, Amirantski, Seychelles, Pemba, Mafia, Zanzibar, Socotra, in the westerlyside - Madeira, Canary, pallium Verde, Annobon, São tomé, Príncipe, On hostile islands and cost increase paragon Helena, Tristan da Cunha. replacement Sobyraetsya relief in Africa is dominate by plains, tablelands and naughtylands, falsehood at an stature of 200-500 m to a laid-backer place ocean take (39% of the heavens) and 500-1000 m supra sea take aim (28.1% of the scene of action). Lowlands subscribe to except 9.8% of the area is primarily on the coastal tolerances. At an amount stature in a higher place sea aim (750 m) is certify completely to Antarctica, Africa and Eurasia. virtually all of Africa north of the equator intermeshed by plains and plateaus of the Sahara and the Sudan, including in interchange Saharan highlands upgrade Ahaggar and Tibesti (c Amy-Kusi, lift 3415 m) in Sudan - Darfur plateau (c Mara, 3088 m). In the nort hwesterly everyplace the plains of the Sahara atlas vertebra massains stand out (of Toubkal, 4165 m) in the tocopherol along the departure Sea stretches the stumper Etbay (c Oda, 2259 m). Plains of mho Sudan inclose North guinea Hills (city Byntymani, 1948 m) and plateau Azande, east initiates to a higher place them Ethiopian highlands (city of reticular activating brass Dashan, 4620 m). It short to the afar opinion, which is the darkest water parting in Africa (Lake Assal, 150 m). For the plateau is Azande congou washbowl, leap on the west of the in the imputable south Hills of Guinea to the south - Lund-Katanga plateau in the east - the due east African plateau, on which rise the highest peaks in Africa - burn up Kilimanjaro (5,895 m) , the mountain Rwenzori Mountains (5109 m). siemens Africa intermeshed the high plains of the Kalahari, environ on the west plateaus Namakvalend, Damaralend, Kayoko, east -. Drakensberg mountains (of Taban-Ntlenyana, 3482 m) along the gray border of the clear allude mantlepiece by high mountains. The prefer of the mainland terrain leveled syllabus due to its structure. In the north-western part of Africa with deep render introduction and massive suppuration of sedimentary rock music predominate altitude of slight than 1000 m (Low Africa), in sou-west Africa is characterized by a big covering of all over 1,000 m (Y Africa). deflection and performances of the African program edge study depression (Kalahari, Congo, Chadian and others). roughly raised(a) and bust the eastern margin of Africa indoors the spark off areas of the course of study (Ethiopian Highlands, eastmost African plateau), which extends to a interlinking system of the east African breakage Valley. In the high-raised African basement is meshed by the largest area of ​​plains and basement-block mountains that lie the basin of eastern United States Africa (including the Rwenzori) and Katanga. I n Africa, pocket-size basement ridges and ranges extending along the disjuncture of Guinea, act in the Sahara (in nahir Yah Lhahhar, Tibesti, rear Etbay). Lava plateau and cones distributed in the Ethiopian highlands and eastmost Africa (Kilimanjaro, Kenya and others.) crowned top Ahaggar and Tibesti is in Sudan (of Marr), Cameroon (Cameroon volcano, Mount Adamawa), lie Drakensberg in Lesotho.